Ancient wooden tools found in Spain reveal Neanderthal skills

Archaeologists in Capellades, located west of Barcelona, have identified 597 wooden artifacts used by Neanderthals between 62,000 and 40,000 years ago. According to a study published in Science Advances, these items were preserved at the Abric Romaní rock shelter after mineral-heavy water created limestone-like molds around the organic material. The cataloged collection includes digging sticks, spears, bark trays, shelter components, and a unique club. Unlike previous finds typically located in oxygen-deprived waterlogged sediments, these specimens were protected by a mineral crust that captured their shapes after the original wood decayed.

This discovery provides significant insight into Paleolithic life, suggesting that Neanderthal technology was far more sophisticated than previously understood. By revealing a diverse range of tools beyond basic hunting weapons, the find challenges older perceptions of early human intelligence and resourcefulness. These findings offer a rare glimpse into the complex craftsmanship and daily activities of prehistoric populations through the preservation of materials that usually rot quickly.